Adnexal tumors are among the most frequent disorders of the female genital system. According to current estimates, they affect up to 10% of all women. Recently, the role of laparotomy in surgical techniques in gynecology increased consi derably, while laparoscopy performed for an adnexal tumor is one of the commonest gynecologic procedures. The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis of 307 laparoscopic procedures performed due to adnexal tumors. In this population of patients, in 2 instances the procedure was converted from laparoscopy to laparotomy because of a suspected malignancy, subsequently confirmed by histological study, while in 2 other cases malignancy was diagnosed post-hoc and a repeat surgery was necessary. The incidence of various types of ovarian lesions was analyzed, whereby the most frequently encountered conditions included simple, endometrioid and dermoid cysts, in decreasing order. No serious lapa roscopy-associated complications were noticed and all patients were discharged from hospital on the first postoperative day. The authors highlight the importance of precise diagnosis of adnexal tumors prior to surgery and role of sonographic study, as the basic diagnostic tool used to determine the nature of lesion. Sensitivity and specificity of this study in the diagnosis of adnexal tumors is discussed, as well as predictive value of the non-specific marker CA-125, which proved useless when suspecting endometrial tumors. At present, laparoscopy is the technique of choice in the diagnosis and treatment of benign genital lesions in the females. Nevertheless, adequate qualification of patients to surgical treatment is still the key issue.